CONTENTS xix WWW.GOFLY.ONLINE Y ONLI NE FLI GHT SCHOOL Compass Deviation.................................................................................................................................................. 145 Magnetic Heading, True Heading, and Magnetic Bearing....................................................................................... 145 Time - Crucial for accurate navigation.....................................................................................................145 UTC. ........................................................................................................................................................................ 145 Local Standard Time vs Local Summer Time.......................................................................................................... 145 Local Mean Time. .................................................................................................................................................... 145 The Beginning and End of Daylight......................................................................................................................... 145 Factors Affecting Daylight........................................................................................................................................ 145 Chapter 19 Controlled Airspace in Australia............................................................................... 147 Types of Controlled Airspace....................................................................................................................147 Difference Between Class C and Class D............................................................................................................... 147 Class G Airspace..................................................................................................................................................... 147 Big Picture, Small Picture, and Time........................................................................................................147 Using Time to Confirm Navigation........................................................................................................................... 147 World Aeronautical Chart (WAC)............................................................................................................................. 149 Visual Terminal Chart (VTC).................................................................................................................................... 149 Visual Navigation Chart (VNC). ............................................................................................................................... 149 Low Altitude En Route Chart (ERC Low)................................................................................................................. 149 How to Read a WAC Chart...................................................................................................................................... 149 How to Read a VTC or VNC.................................................................................................................................... 149 Danger Areas........................................................................................................................................................... 149 Distance................................................................................................................................................................... 149 The Correct Radio Frequency. ................................................................................................................................ 150 Avoiding Controlled Airspace................................................................................................................................... 150 Avoiding a Control Step........................................................................................................................................... 150 Fuel planning........................................................................................................................................................... 150 Chapter 20 Basic Meteorology...................................................................................................... 151 The Atmosphere. ..................................................................................................................................................... 151 Heating and Cooling................................................................................................................................................ 151 Visibility.................................................................................................................................................................... 151 Air Density. .............................................................................................................................................................. 151 Thermal.................................................................................................................................................................... 151 Sea Breeze and Land Breeze.................................................................................................................................. 151 Katabatic and Anabatic Winds................................................................................................................................. 151 Inversion Layer........................................................................................................................................................ 151 Wind Gradient or Wind Shear.................................................................................................................................. 151 Mechanical Turbulence............................................................................................................................................ 151 Mountain Waves...................................................................................................................................................... 151 Clouds and Cloud Types.......................................................................................................................................... 151
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